Irrigation

Irrigation ensures crops receive adequate water for growth, especially in arid or dry regions, while drainage prevents waterlogging and soil damage, especially in areas with high rainfall or poor drainage.

Irrigation involves various methods to deliver water to crops, including: Surface irrigation: Water is distributed over the land's surface, often using canals or ditches. Sprinkler irrigation: Water is sprayed through the air using sprinklers, simulating rainfall. Drip irrigation: Water is delivered directly to the root zone of plants through small emitters, minimizing water loss. Subsurface irrigation: Water is applied below the soil surface, often through perforated pipes.